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What's On
All of the following Council events are free. For other Council events or to submit an event, click here.
Sun 6 Dec
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - Introduction to Eco Gardening. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Thurs 10 Dec
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - The Art of Composting. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Fri 11 Dec |
Closing date for submissions on Warringah Council's Draft Local Environment Plan and Draft Development Control Plan. Comment at www.warringah.nsw.gov.au |
Thurs 17 Dec
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - The Wonderful World of Worms. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Sun 20 Dec
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - No Dig Gardening. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Thurs 21 Jan
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - Introduction to Eco Gardening. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Tue 26 Jan |
Australia Day Celebrations. See www.warringah.nsw.gov.au for details |
Thurs 28 Jan
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - No Dig Gardening. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Thurs 4 Feb
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - The Wonderful World of Worms. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Sun 7 Feb
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - The Art of Composting. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Thurs 11 Feb
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - Growing Sprouts and Biogenic Healing. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Thurs 18 Feb
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - The Art of Composting. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Thurs 25 Feb
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - No Dig Gardening. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
Sun 28 Feb
10 - 12.30pm |
Kimbriki Eco Gardening Workshop - Fruit Tree Workshop. Cost $20 ($10 concession). Bookings essential. Email or phone 9486 3512. More info www.kimbriki.com |
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Council News
Power Mates Now on Standby at Libraries
Warringah Council has launched a new environmental initiative to help energy conscious residents take a stand on climate change from their own home.
Community members can now borrow an energy meter called a Power Mate Lite from one of Council's four libraries to measure their electricity use, greenhouse gases and costs of running common home appliances.
Appliances can account for up to 40 per cent of a household's energy use and this number is predicted to grow as households increase the number, size and variety of home electrical goods. Standby power (such as on a TV, stereo or computer) can account for 10 per cent of electricity consumption in a typical home, costing households around $150 a year on their electricity bills*.
Using a Power Mate Lite can help your household to identify and reduce unnecessary energy costs and greenhouse gas pollution. The device connects between the appliance and the power socket to provide accurate measurements of energy consumption. Power Mate Lites give people the ability to see for themselves exactly how much the TV, clothes dryer or other appliances are costing each year.
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For more information, or to borrow a Power Mate Lite, visit your local Warringah library at Belrose, Dee Why, Forestville or Warringah Mall. See www.wls.nsw.gov.au for library locations.
Reference: * Sustainable Energy Development Office Western Australia www.sedo.wa.gov.au |
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Better FloodSafe than Sorry
Important Information for Warringah Residents
Warringah Council and the State Emergency Service (SES) have developed a new FloodSafe campaign to help local residents and businesses in or near flood prone areas to be better prepared. The Better FloodSafe than Sorry program provides information on flood issues and advice for residents and business owners before, during and after flooding.
Approximately 5,000 Warringah households are located in floodplains identified by Council. The five flood studies completed in Warringah include Narrabeen Lagoon, Manly Lagoon, Dee Why and Curl Curl Lagoons, South Creek and Frenchs Creek.
There are two types of flooding in Warringah - flash floods and lagoon flooding - and it is important for residents and businesses in flood prone areas to be aware of potential floods and what to do if different types of flooding occur. Putting together an emergency kit to include items such as a portable radio, torch and first aid kit and keeping a list of important phone numbers nearby are some of the simple but useful things people can do now to prepare for a future flood. |


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The campaign also gives important information about what not to do during a flood, such as never drive, ride or walk through floodwater and don't attempt to clear drains during heavy rainfall.
Council has sent out information and FloodSafe Kits to the 5,000 households located in floodplain areas, however anyone interested in obtaining information on the FloodSafe program can visit Council's Customer Service or call 9942 2111 or visit www.warringah.nsw.gov.au |
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Every Drop Counts at Warringah Council
Warringah Council has achieved four stars under Sydney Water's five star 'Every Drop Counts' program as a result of a concerted effort across Council operations to reduce water consumption. This is a big win for the community and the environment.
The objective of the five-star water management program is to help organisations take a holistic approach in managing their water resources. To date only a handful of councils have achieved four stars and above.
Click here for more information.
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Public Exhibition of the Draft Local Environmental Plan and Development Control Plans Closing Soon
There is still a short time left to view the draft LEP and draft DCP - both on public exhibition until 11 December 2009. |
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A Local Environmental Plan (LEP) is the principal legal document for guiding and controlling development at the local government level. The zoning or locality provisions establish permissibility of land uses and standards that regulate the form and extent of development.
A Development Control Plan (DCP) provides greater detail and supplements an LEP. It outlines the controls that apply to a particular zone and/or to a type of development. Its content and format are flexible and it can consist of a combination of text, diagrams, maps and illustrations.
To gain the full planning picture for an area, the plans need to be read together. LEPs and DCPs are made in accordance with the NSW Environmental Planning and Assessment legislation.
Click here for the draft public exhibition documents, public exhibition details, online submissions and frequently asked questions and answers. |
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Lagoon Monitoring
Warringah Council monitors Manly, Dee Why, Curl Curl and Narrabeen lagoons for flood risk to surrounding properties. Lagoons are occasionally mechanically opened to minimise localised flood risks.
Following heavy thunderstorms and rain, Warringah Council opened Curl Curl Lagoon on 7 October 2009 (pictured).
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See It For Yourself Tours
Council's four tours to waste and recycling facilities during September and October were booked out, with a total of 96 residents touring either Chullora Materials Recycling Facility or Kimbriki.
Some comments included: "After today I will be even more careful about stuff I put into recycling". And some lessons learned included: "Only six years of landfill left for Sydney" and "Wonderful to see how much use there is for recycled goods". |

Participants enjoying the Chullora Materials Recycling Facility Tour
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News from Narrabeen Lagoon
The Narrabeen Lagoon Creating a Sustainable Catchment Project is progressing well. The beginning of daylight savings has brought an end to this year's spotlight walk tours which were a huge success. There will be more walks and tours again in the New Year. Friends of Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment group are also offering free adventures around the catchment areas for keen and interested residents. For more information visit www.narrabeenlagoon.org.au
The project team is about to embark on a new wave of schools' education in partnership with the Coastal Environment Centre (CEC). The program began in October at the start of the fourth school term but will be ongoing for the 2010 school year. The schools' education program will provide schools with the opportunity to either visit areas within Narrabeen Lagoon on excursions or have the CEC educators visit their school. If you're a local teacher in the area contact the CEC on 9970 6905 for information on the new program!
The project team has also been working hard on a local area DVD that highlights the beautiful flora, fauna and natural areas that make up the Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment Area. The DVD will highlight what you can do as an individual to reduce your local impact. The DVD will be released to the public early in 2010. If you are interested in receiving a free copy please contact James Birsebois, Narrabeen Lagoon Catchment Project Manager on 9942 2111 or email. |


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Schools Waste Education Program
Warringah schools have been participating in various fun learning activities about avoiding, reducing and recycling waste, through Council's new School Waste Education Program.
Three schools took up the challenge of building an edible garden and learning about the benefits of growing their own food. The students built the garden from scratch by layering paper, hay and compost and planting a variety of edible flowers, herbs and vegetables. A composting system was also set up so that garden waste would be used to renourish the soil.
Other schools have participated in Eco Garden workshops at Kimbriki, have hosted a waste audit or have received talks about recycling and waste reduction at their school. For more information on the program, call 9942 2111. |
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Eco News Survey Results
Thanks again to everyone who replied to the recent Eco News Survey. Here is a small snapshot of the excellent results which we will be using to build Eco News into an even better resource for our community:
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- Respondents were overwhelmingly satisfied with the quarterly frequency of Eco News
- 100 per cent of respondents were either highly or very highly satisfied overall with Eco News
- Eco News is reaching a wide audience on a variety of sustainability topics
- 88 per cent of respondents did not feel that Eco News was replicating information available elsewhere
- While survey respondents were highly satisfied with the variety of topics covered by Eco News, respondents would be interested to see more articles covering sustainable living, native plants and native animals
- Suggested improvements included providing more information on weeds, pest animals, providing habitat through native gardening, more notice for events, case studies on sustainability champions or sustainable schools, and organic markets, plus information on topics such as sustainable homes and technology, growing vegetables and Aboriginal heritage.
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Sustainable Schools
Davidson High Supporting Endangered Species
Davidson High School celebrated its fifth "Green Day" with energetic enthusiasm and colour. Green Day is the day Davidson High supports endangered species and promotes other environmental issues such as water conservation and sustainability. The Eco Club, a group of keen environmentalists, run green mufti day and lunch time activities, aiming to create awareness within the school and wider community.
The Eco Club raised in excess of $900 for environmental charities such as Green Peace, Borneo Orang-utan Sanctuaries and World Vision. During the lunch time activities a range of stalls were set up for displays and food. One was from Warringah Council with its native species display. The Eco Club was also able to offer some free Wally the Water Saver Banks to encourage students with water saving.
The Eco Club, now in its seventh year, meets weekly to create a sustainable vegetable and herb garden and plan environmental activities such as the SEED (School Educational Environmental Day) for primary schools and inter-school leadership days.
A huge thank you must go to Warringah Council for their Eco Grants which supported us in the early days.
Eco News invites all schools to submit an article on sustainable initiatives so that we can share bright ideas and inspire others. Many thanks to Davidson High School for this article!
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Gibberagong Environmental Education Centre
Gibberagong Environmental Education Centre, located in picturesque Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, focuses on environmental education and provides fieldwork from Sydney Harbour to the Hawkesbury River. The centre takes school groups for day or overnight visits and provides programs that complement Key Learning Areas from Stage 1 through to Stage 6. Centre staff can work with the class teachers to plan fieldwork experience, environmental education, sustainability education and school environmental audits to help form a School Environmental Management Plan. |
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The centre is open Monday to Friday 9am to 4.30pm (closed school holidays). Note that bookings must be made at least a term in advance.
Information, including excursion outlines, teacher resources, overnight camping, and educational programs are available at www.gibberagon-e.schools.nsw.edu.au |
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Eco Schools Grants Early 2010
Teachers and school networks should keep in mind that the NSW Environment Trust Eco Schools Grant workshops begin in March 2010.
Schools that did not receive an Environmental Trust grant in the previous year are eligible to apply for the $2,500 grant. Schools must also be registered on the Sustainable Schools NSW website, www.sustainableschools.nsw.edu.au. Please note that preschools are not eligible to apply.
For more information visit www.environment.nsw.gov.au/grants/schools.htm |
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New Ecological Footprint Calculator
The Powerhouse Museum has produced an interactive ecological footprint calculator which could be a useful tool when talking to school students about sustainability. Check it out here. |
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Sustainable Living
Kimbriki Eco House and Garden Open
Eco workshops are underway again at Kimbriki and the finishing touches to the new Eco House have been completed. The new precinct is now open for everyone to enjoy.
Peter Rutherford, Senior Ecologist and Kimbriki's inspirational teacher is still on board and Kimbriki are hoping to offer a new line-up of visiting lecturers and guest speakers such as TAFE permaculture lecturer Penny Pyett, chef Richard James and other interesting people.
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The new workshops include favourites such as the Fruit Tree Workshop and basics such as Introduction to Eco Gardening, along with a new advanced workshop for those clamouring for adventures in soil science, Microbial Management of your Soil.
Kimbriki has introduced a contribution of $20 ($10 concession) for most workshops and $40 ($20 concession) for advanced workshops. Kimbriki does not charge for school excursions. Drop-in time is Thursdays 1-3pm.
As friends in eco matters, readers of Eco News may have some ideas or contacts for workshops or forums. To make a booking, or suggest ideas, please email or phone Kimbriki on 9486 3512, or see the Kimbriki website for more information. |
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Energy Efficiency for Small Business Program
When you are running a small business, it can be hard to find time to make changes such as reducing your environmental impact and saving money by becoming more energy efficient.
The Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW (DECCW) would like to partner with your business to help you reduce your power bills and carbon pollution. |
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For only $50 businesses will receive a personalised energy assessment and action plan, and are then eligible for a 50 per cent rebate of up to $5,000 for implementing energy efficiency improvements as outlined in the action plan, including lighting and skylights, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, electric motors, air compressors, commercial refrigeration, boilers, insulation and hot water systems.
Call the Environment Line on 1300 361 967 or see Energy Efficiency for Small Business for more information. |
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One Million Women
One Million Women is an online campaign of daughters, sisters, mothers and grandmothers committed to protecting our climate, our communities and our future. The goal is to inspire one million Australian women to take practical action on climate change by cutting one million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2), the main greenhouse pollutant causing global warming.
Every woman who joins has a personal goal to cut one tonne of CO2 from their daily lives within a year of joining the campaign. The website guides you through ways to cut your one tonne and how to track your progress. You don't have to be an expert on climate change as they guide you every step of the way. |

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One million women, one million tonnes CO2. It's a huge challenge. Be part of it. Visit www.1millionwomen.com.au |
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Rebate-a-Meter
The Rebate-a-Meter is the first national, comprehensive and easy-to-use website that calculates Federal and State Government hot water rebates.
Simply enter your postcode and the site will calculate the rebates you are eligible to receive. Too easy!
See www.hotwaterrebate.com.au |
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National Energy Efficiency Strategy
For the first time, Australian Governments have agreed to a comprehensive 10-year strategy to accelerate energy efficiency improvements for householders and businesses across all sectors of the economy. Accelerating energy efficiency is a key plank in the strategy to combat climate change, reduce the cost of emissions abatement and improve the productivity of the economy. The strategy will complement the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme by addressing the barriers that are preventing the efficient uptake of energy efficient opportunities, such as split incentives and information failures.
The strategy will substantially improve minimum standards for energy efficiency and accelerate the introduction of new technologies by improving regulatory processes and addressing the obstacles to the uptake of new energy efficient products and technologies. For more information, visit www.climatechange.gov.au. |
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Smart Grid, Smart City
The Australian Government announced in the 2009-10 budget that it would invest up to $100 million to develop the Smart Grid, Smart City demonstration project in partnership with the energy sector.
The initiative will support the installation of Australia's first commercial-scale smart grid. Smart grids combine advanced communication, sensing and metering infrastructure with existing energy networks. This enables a combination of applications that can deliver a more efficient, robust and consumer-friendly electricity network. Smart grid infrastructure uses sensors, meters, digital devices and analytic tools to automate, monitor and control the two-way flow of energy from power plant to plug. |
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Smart grids have the potential to transform the way we use energy in our homes and businesses. A smart grid can identify and resolve faults on the electricity grid, automatically self-heal, manage voltage and identify infrastructure that requires maintenance. Smart grids can also help consumers manage their individual electricity consumption and enable the use of energy efficient "smart appliances" that can be programmed to run on off-peak power.
The Australian Government is seeking public comment on the draft guidelines for the initiative. Visit www.environment.gov.au/smartgrid |
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Australia Cracking Down on Greenwash
Have you ever stood in the supermarket aisle and been completely bamboozled by the green claims on products such as "earth friendly", "green choice" or "CFC free"? These types of phrases are commonly known as greenwash, and if you've been confused (or even if you haven't) then you'll be pleased to know that Australia's advertising industry is cracking down on greenwash with the publication of an Environmental Claims in Advertising and Marketing Code by the Australian Association of National Advertisers.
The code aims to ensure that "marketers apply rigorous, industry-wide standards when they make environmental claims in advertising or marketing communications". |

Source:
wickedoutdoorsy.blogspot.com
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The code will form part of AANA's existing self-regulatory system and will be adjudicated by the Advertising Standards Board. Complaints against the code will be considered by the board from 1 January 2010. Visit www.aana.com.au for more information. |
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Green Cleaning Tip
Are you waging chemical warfare against household grime? Powerful cleaners that zap household grime can contain ingredients you'd really rather not be breathing, wearing or washing in. Each issue we will be bringing you a new green cleaning tip.
This month we target wasteful liquid soap dispensers: |

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Liquid Handwash
250 ml boiling water
2 tsp glycerol or glycerine
2 tbsp grated Sunlight soap
2 tsp rosewater |
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Add the grated soap to boiling water, stir and then let sit for about 10 minutes until it melts. Stir in glycerol and rosewater. When mixture is smooth, pour it into a dispenser bottle. Do this while it is still warm as it will set to a jelly when cold and can be difficult to pour. |
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What to Plant in Summer
Australia's climate can be challenging in summer, but there are plenty of vegies and herbs to plant in Sydney's temperate zone in the coming months. Here are some ideas:
December
Amaranth, asparagus pea, basil, beetroot, brocolli, Brussell sprouts, cabbage, carrot, celeriac, celery, chili, chives, climbing beans, coriander, cucumber, endive, eggplant, kohl, leeks, lettuce, okra, oregano, parsley, parsnip, pumpkin, radish, rockmelon, silverbeet, squash, sunflower, sweet corn, tomato, turnip, watermelon, zucchini
January
Amaranth, asparagus pea, beetroot, brocolli, Brussel sprouts, cabbage, carrot, chives, climbing beans, coriander, cucumber, endive, kohl, leeks, lettuce, oregano, parsley, parsnip, radish, silverbeet, sunflower, swedes, sweet corn, turnip, zucchini
February
Amaranth, beetroot, brocolli, Brussel sprouts, cabbage, carrot, chives, cucumber, endive, fennel, kohl, leeks, lettuce, onion, oregano, parsley, parsnip, radish, shallots, silverbeet, swedes, sweet corn, turnip.
Reference: www.gardenate.com |
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Bushcare News
Sustainable Reuse of Trees
From time to time Council's Environmental Projects Team is compelled to have large trees removed from bushland reserves. Usually these trees are weeds, non indigenous species or trees which are structurally unsound and present a danger to the public.
All large trees, even if they are pest species such as camphor laurel, have reached a considerable age and provide some limited habitat or food source for native animals. When cut down, these trees end up being chipped or taken to Kimbriki for mulching, which is a fairly inglorious end for those huge boughs. |

Massive Blue Gum log ready to be milled into usable timber
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Council's Environmental Projects Team is running a trial to attempt to recycle some of this magnificent timber for other uses such as park seating along bush tracks. The timber will be milled locally and then made into hand-crafted furniture which will complement the natural setting. The milling is to commence shortly, but the timber will take up to 12 months to season correctly before it will be ready for use, so this will be a long-term project. We believe it will be worth the wait. |
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Duffys Forest Ecological Community - Soil Seedbank Translocation Project
This project aims to assist in the management of the endangered Duffys Forest Ecological Community by translocating the soil seedbank from a development site in Belrose containing remnant Duffys Forest to a degraded site owned by Warringah Council, and to successfully rehabilitate the vegetation community. This soil seedbank would otherwise have been destroyed by the development and discarded as waste.
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Recipient site after translocation
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Recipient site before translocation
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The procedure will rehabilitate a site that has been historically degraded from its use as a road maintenance depot and storage site. It will augment existing Duffys Forest Ecological Community management, provide an important research area and education tool and assist in maintaining the integrity of the surrounding bushland.
The soil translocation took place in August/September 2009 and while it is still too soon for any regeneration from the soil seedbank, ongoing site monitoring will take place at three, six and 12 monthly intervals to record species germination and plant cover at the site.
For more information call Council's Environmental Officer - Bushland on 9942 2111. |
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Focus On Weeds & Natives
Weed of the Month - Bitou Bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp.rotundata)
Bitou bush is an introduced species from South Africa that forms dense stands and smothers native plant communities, ruining habitat and food sources for native fauna. From 1946 to 1968 it was planted to stabilise dunes post sand mining.
Unfortunately Bitou Bush and its cousin Bone Seed (Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera) are highly competitive and spread rapidly, and now occupy 80 per cent of the NSW coastline. For these reasons bitou bush is listed as a noxious weed in all coastal districts and "a key threatening process" in NSW. In 2000 the Australian Government listed it as a Weed of National Significance. A collaborative removal effort coordinated by the NSW Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water in partnership with other states and territories in Australia is now underway. |

Source: www.environment.nsw.gov.au |
Description: Bitou bush is a robust sprawling to erect shrub one to two metres in height. It has ascending branches with round and sometimes toothed bright green leaves. These leaves are covered in a cotton fluff when young. The golden yellow flower occurs in a terminal panicle (several flowers on separate stems at the ends of branches). Bitou bush is renowned for its prolific seeding habit and egg shaped fruit.
Range: Bitou bush likes disturbed areas and is mainly found on sand dunes. It has been found up to 10km inland invading bushland, open woodland and rainforest. Like other coastal dwellers, it tolerates a porous medium, minimal water, wind and salt spray. Bitou infestations can now be found all along the NSW coast. Bitou bush is not restricted by climate and can also be found on Queensland, Victorian and South Australian coastlines.
Leaves: Bitou leaves are fleshy, 3-7cm long and 1.5-5cm wide. The leaf shape is slightly oval or spoon like (broad obovate to elliptic) with a pointed tip and drawing in to a narrow base. The leaves are hairless, appear alternately and may or may not be toothed. Juvenile plants have smooth edged leaves and cotton down on the new leaves.
Flowers: The daisy-like yellow flowers consist of 11-13 ray florets around a golden disc and occur in a terminal panicle. Seeds are produced in the form of egg shaped berries that are grouped at the end of branches. Each plant can produce up to 50,000 seeds per plant per year. The fleshy berries ripen from green to black when they become attractive to birds, foxes, ants and rabbits.
Flowering Time: Year round with a peak from April to June.
Removal Technique: The plant has a tap root, so small plants can be pulled out. Larger plants may need to be cut and painted with glyphosate. All seeds need to be bagged and removed from the site. For more information on the removal of weeds visit Council's website.
Authorities are currently using a combination of biological control such as the leaf rolling moth and conventional controls of herbicide and hand pulling to reduce the impact of bitou bush on our beautiful coastal environment.
References:
- Bitou Bush and Bone Seed, Department of Environment and Climate Change. Accessed 12/10/2009.
- Biological Control of Bitou Bush, CSIRO. Accessed 12/10/2009.
- PlantNET: New South Wales Flora Online. Accessed 12/10/2009.
- Richardson R.G, Richardson F.J. & Shepherd, R.C.H. (2007). Weeds of the South East. Richardson, VIC.
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Fauna Spot - Sydney Christmas Beetle (Anoplognathus viriditarsus)
Beetles are one of the most diverse and consequently abundant species on Earth. There are approximately 350,000 beetle species worldwide - eight times that of mammal, bird, amphibian, reptile and fish species combined.
Eight of the 34 species of native Christmas beetle call Sydney home. The largest is Anoplognathus viriditarsus and emerges around Christmas time, hence the name. Due to the variance in lifecycles, climate and timing of rain, Christmas beetles emerge from November to February, with a peak in mid-summer. They consume eucalyptus leaves and when in large numbers they can defoliate trees in a number of days. Over the last few decades Christmas beetle numbers have been dwindling as their habitat of grassy woodland is replaced by development. |

Source: www.csiro.au
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Description: The Christmas beetle is a member of the Scarabaeidae family (order Coleoptera). An identifying characteristic is their large tarsal claws (a foot of one to five segments attached to the tibia apex) of variable length. Christmas beetles grow to be between 2-3cm in length, have small club shaped antennae and spikes on their legs. Their hind legs are usually longer than their forelegs. The Christmas beetles front wings are hard sheaths and protect their softer hind wings. These hard covers also protect their breathing holes and this allows them to control their body temperature and hold water in a variety of environments. Their beautiful colouring on their exoskeleton comes in a range of colours from a pale golden sheen to brown and various iridescent greens.
Christmas beetle larvae are white in colour and form a characteristic 'C' shape similar to flower chafers (which are considered pests) and stag beetles. They have a reddish-brown head with well developed mandibles for consuming tough food materials such as decaying timber, plant matter or roots.
Range: Christmas beetles are found around the world. They are also found throughout Australia, although they are most abundant in higher rainfall areas of the southern and eastern Australia.
Characteristics: Christmas beetles have a seasonal life cycle that is dependent on climate. During December and January adult Christmas beetles lay eggs on the soil. Larvae mature through three stages and generally spend one winter underground emerging as adults in spring. They pupate in a chamber under the soil surface waiting for rain to soften the soil, so the adult beetles can dig their way to freedom. If conditions are cooler the larvae may spend two winters underground maturing before pupating. In extreme dry events adults can die in the soil waiting for suitable moisture.
Prey: Beetles are an important part of the food web providing sustenance to many including birds, reptiles and other insects.
Habitat: Christmas beetles are found in soil throughout grassland areas including native and agricultural pastures, woodlands and domestic gardens.
References:
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Flora Spot - Dwarf Apple (Angophora hispida)
The Angophora genus is endemic to the east coast of Australia and is a member of the Myrtaceae family. In this genus there are 11 trees and shrubs and they occur in NSW, Victoria and Queensland.
Warringah is fortunate to have the Angophora hispida within our borders, as its range is restricted to Hawkesbury Sandstone (Sydney to Gosford). The appealing wild twisted branches of tough grey-green leave generate masses of flowers during summer. The flowers produce prolific amounts of nectar, which attracts huge quantities of insects, especially the Jewel Beetle.
Name: Angophora (Greek for vase or vessel) refers to the shape of the fruit and hispida (rough) refers to the stiff hairs on the plant.
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Description: A dense shrub to small tree up to four metres in height with rough fibrous bark, twisted branches, leathery grey-green leaves and a lignotuber. Cream coloured flowers burst from a fruit covered in red bristles.
Range: Angophora hispida is confined to a small coastal range from Sydney to Gosford, especially on ridge tops. It likes the shallow sandy soil of Sydney Hawkesbury Sandstone. Although it has a limited range it has a scattered and locally common occurrence in our area.
Leaves: Adult leaves are thick, opposite, sessile (no stem), ovate to elliptic with small rigid hairs and grey-green colour. They vary in length from 5-10cm and width of 3-4.5cm. The apex is rounded and the base cordate (heart shaped). The mid vein is pronounced, venation is mostly penniveined (network of veins) and oil glands are not obvious. Immature leaves are red/yellow in colour and covered densely in red hairs.
Flowers: Buds are ovoid, covered in red hairs, and are 8-11mm long and 8-12mm wide. Dense terminal clusters of beautiful large cream flowers emerge from the ribbed capsules. Petals are small 5-8mm wide and 6-8mm long and lost amongst the abundance of the stamens surrounding the centre carpel. The cup shaped fruit (approximately 16-25mm long and 14-20mm in diameter) have longitudinal ribs, a flat disc and sit ornamentally on the shrub.
Flowering Time: November to January.
References:
- Fairley, A. 2000.Wildflowers of Sydney and Adjoining Areas
- Robinson, L. 2003. Field Guide to the Native plants of Sydney
- PlantNET: New South Wales Flora Online
Centre for Plant Biodiversity. Accessed 12/10/2009 |
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Photo of the Month |
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The photo of the month is the spring flowering Hardenbergia violacea (source: Warringah Council). If you have a favourite photo you've taken, why not share it with us, we would love to hear from you . |
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Community Corner
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Long Reef Golf Club Stormwater Reuse Project
The Long Reef Golf Club (LRGC) is located on Griffith Park, Collaroy. LRGC leases a portion of the land, which is a Crown Reserve managed by Warringah Council under the Crown Lands Act 1989. LRGC has been active in water conservation and management for many years. It recently won the 2009 Keep Australia Beautiful Sustainable Cities Grundfos Water Conservation Award for the total re-use of urban stormwater from the Anzac Avenue outfall which runs across Fishermans Beach.
The Stormwater Reuse Project diverts urban run-off in a complementary water management approach. Urban stormwater run off from Anzac Avenue and boat-ramp ocean outfall is diverted to sedimentation and fore bay ponds. This rescued water is connected to the rehabilitated wetland retention/detention area, and then used for irrigation, wash down, toilet flushing, boat wash down and aquifer recharge.
The infrastructure to by-pass this outfall, commissioned in May 2009, results in the diversion of flows up to 2,000L per second (predicted 20 year average recurrence interval) which previously resulted in scouring (eroding) of Fishermans Beach. This outfall is now redundant, improving the beach amenity with increase in sand accumulation. The photos show results immediately after rainfall events before and after storm water diversion.
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If you belong to a community group in Warringah and would like to let us know about your group's activities or events, contact us at econews@warringah.nsw.gov.au or call 9942 2111. |
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